Students’ Perceptions in Online Learning toward Reading Comprehension at Tenth Grade of SMA

This study investigated the students’ perceptions in online learning toward reading comprehension at tenth grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi. A quantitative research design was used in this study. The participants are 36 students from tenth grade MIPA 4 of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi. The instruments used to collect the data were questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 30 statements. Google Form was used to obtain the data and the result was used to analyze the data. As a result of the study, the researcher concluded that the benefits of online reading have had a substantial effect on the knowledge of students’ vocabulary, and the students have strongly focused on the educational evaluation they read during online learning. The data reported the highest percentage is 56% of the students strongly agreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. However, the lowest percentage is 5% of the students disagreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. The results show that the mean and standard deviation between students’ perceptions in online learning toward reading comprehension are 77.00 mean and 16,696 standard deviation, which is the standard deviation is higher than the mean. It shows that students' perceptions are considered positive because most of the students agree that online learning helped them to improve their reading comprehensions skills.


INTRODUCTION
Perception is a cognitive process experienced by each person in selecting, organizing, translating and deciphering data and sensation inputs received through sight, hearing, scent, touch, feeling and appreciation so as to produce a significant picture of the world. Jacobs et al (2004:231) stated that perception as one of the most important elements underpinning effective teaching and learning. Learning can only occur after exposure to stimuli, and each person is exposed daily to a variety of stimuli that affect the different senses. The perception of students in learning is also important in the learning process because by knowing how the opinion of a student in the learning process can be very helpful in finding strategies, methods, styles as a solution in problems faced by students during the learning process, especially in online learning.
Therefore, this research focused on students' perception in online learning toward reading comprehension at senior high school level. Reading has a significant place in learning English. Reading is important because it can help the students to gain information such as general knowledge, subject of school. In addition, Anderson (2008: 8) stated that the readers must have level of reading comprehension, those are; First, Literal comprehension can be described as comprehension of ideas and information, so that the reader can learn more about the content of the text. Second, Interpretative or Inferential comprehension means that in this level readers are summarized the text using their own word of meaning. It is used to learn how well they understand the text. Third, Critical comprehension means that the reader should interpret, asses and obtain information from the text. Those levels of reading comprehension can help the reader to reach their comprehension of the content and get their conclusion in drawing about the content of the text. In this case the reader will increase the understanding of the written text so that they can recall the text that has been read.

PERCEPTION
Humans are created differently, each individual has different perceptions. The existence of differences between individuals with each other by liking one object and some who do not like the object, it really depends on how the individual responds to the object with its perception. Jacobs et al (2004:231) refer to perception as one of the most important elements underpinning effective teaching and learning. Learning can only occur after exposure to stimuli, and each person is exposed daily to a variety of stimuli that affect the different senses.
Hamachek (1995:199) defines perception as how individuals experience stimuli by the sensory receptors, from the world around them. What is experienced consciously is not always the same as what is experienced auditorily, visually or tactically. People's perception is affected by the way in which they view the world around them. Therefore, individuals' interpretation of sensory stimuli will be affected by their own views (Hamachek 1995:199). In fact, most attitudes, behaviors, and adjustments are determined by their perceptions.

STUDENTS PERCEPTION
In knowing the perception of students is very important because this also means for teachers or lecturers to evaluate after knowing the results of student perceptions. As stated by Chen (2003), the student's perception is really important for evaluating the teaching effectiveness. After knowing the perception of students, teachers or lecturers can change what is not liked by students and can improve what has been liked by students, whether it is about how to teach or how to deliver material to students. Therefore, student's perception is very important, especially for teachers or lecturers. According to Petegem's study (2007), the student perception is the important account to measure the learning outcomes, Freiberg and Stein stated that the students' perception is the solution of components and indicators in explaining the classroom conditions. Therefore, student's perception is very important not only for estimation but also for teaching development purpose.

READING COMPREHENSION
Reading is one of English skills that students must comprehend. There are some definitions of reading comprehension. Qanwa and Karim (2014) stated that, reading comprehension is the activity of reading with understanding. This means, readers are expected to get the message or idea from the author and able to interpret it. Pang, Muaka, Bernbardt, and Kamil (2003) described reading comprehension as a complex activity which includes word recognition and comprehension. Word recognition takes place as a process of how written text might related with reader's language. Meanwhile, comprehension deals with the process of deriving words, sentences and connected text into meaning. Readers usually use the knowledge they have already known before, vocabulary, grammatical knowledge, or readers' experience to help them comprehend the material.

ONLINE LEARNING
Online learning has its roots in distance education. A. W. Bates (2005) points out that the terms 'online learning' and 'e-learning' are used interchangeably, but makes the distinction that e-learning can encompass any form of technology while online learning refers specifically to using the internet and the web. One of the most useful applications in online learning is Google Classroom. Google Classroom is considered as one of the best platforms out there for enhancing teachers' workflow. It provides a set of powerful features that make it an ideal tool to use with students. 'Classroom helps teachers save time, keep classes organized, and improve communication with students. It is available to anyone with Google Apps for Education, a free suite of productivity tools including Gmail, Drive and Docs.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This study used descriptive quantitative method. Gay (1992:218), states that descriptive method involves collecting data in order to test hypothesis or answer question concerning the existing status of the subject of the study. This research had quantitative data. The quantitative data were the percentage of students' responses towards the questionnaire. In this case, the researcher was intended to identify students' perceptions in online learning toward reading comprehension.
Students' Perceptions in Online Learning toward Reading Comprehension at Tenth Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi The population of this research is the tenth grade students of SMAN 1 Kota Jambi. There are 10 classes at the tenth grade. The total population of the tenth grade of SMAN 1 Kota Jambi is 344 students. Further, sample is the smaller group of population (Arikunto, 2014). The sample of this research is the students from X MIPA 4 in academic year of 2020/2021. This research determines the sample by using cluster random sampling.
In collecting the data, the researcher used the questionnaire as the research instrument to collect the data to know the students' perception in online learning toward reading comprehension. The questionnaire consisted of 30 statements. Google Form was used to obtain the data and the result was used to analyze the data. After collecting all of the data, the researcher analyzed the data. Indeed, researcher generally analyze for patterns in observations through the data collection phase. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 16.00. To state about the tendency of student perception, the researcher used percentage formula as follows:

= 100%
Note: P = Percentage of students' choice F = Total of students; choice N = Total number of sample students (Gay, 2006) The procedures for searching Mean and Standard Deviation used are as follows: a.
Determining mean with formula: : The average of variables score ∑ : Sum of frequency multiply the student's score : Number of students b.
Determining standard deviation score with formula: : Standard deviation of gained score X ∑ 2 : Sum of squared gained score The discussions are made based on the result of data analysis in order to strengthen the value of this research. Based on the data, there was a strong benefit between the use of technology and the student reading comprehension during online learning. Harmer (2008, p.8) states that reading is useful for language acquisition. Provided that the students more or less understand what they read, the more they read, the better they will get it.
The percentages were used by the researcher to analyze the data. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the researcher found that most of the students had various perceptions about online reading comprehension.
Based on the data, the majority of students confirmed that online learning gave them advantages for their reading comprehension. Chang (2005) have investigated whether Web-based reading is beneficial in the attainment of language skill strategy with Webbased facilities. Many studies have demonstrated positive effects on computer-assisted reading strategy. In the overall data reported on the table, most of the students agreed that the feature in online digital platforms benefits them in their reading comprehension.  Based on the table above, the results show that the mean and standard deviation between perceptions in online learning toward reading comprehension are 77.00 mean and 16,696 standard deviation, which is the standard deviation is higher than the mean. It shows that students' perceptions are considered positive because more students agree that online learning helped them to improve their reading comprehensions skills.
Based on the overall data in the table regarding to support of online reading to reading comprehension activity, the data reported the highest percentage is 56% of the students strongly agreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. However, the lowest percentage is 5% of the students disagreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. In considering the higher percentage at benefit proportion, the researcher concluded that the activities of reading through online helped the students to understand the text easily.
Finally, this research was successful in investigating the students' perception in online learning toward reading comprehension at tenth grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi.

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
After analyzing the data, the researcher drew the conclusions as follows: The data reported the highest percentage is 56% of the students strongly agreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. However, the lowest percentage is 5% of the students disagreed that online media supported their activity in reading during online learning. Furthermore, the results show that the mean and standard deviation between perceptions in online learning toward reading comprehension are 77.00 mean and 16,696 standard deviation, which is the standard deviation is higher than the mean. It shows that students' perceptions are considered positive because more students agree that online learning helped them to improve their reading comprehensions skills. There are advantages of this study which is showed the convenience when the students understand the text because of the designs or facilities, save print paper, transparent screen without bad printing quality, improve online translation, online learning is helpful to understand information, online learning is important to improve students reading skills. For the disadvantages of this study, there are incapability to leave a mark and make notation from reading materials, exhaustion while read many sentences on the light screen, and the distraction from tools and signal when reading online.
Based on the research that has been conducted with a variety of results that have been obtained, the researcher may give suggestions as follows: 1. For Teachers, the teachers should consider the use of online reading comprehension to appraise their progress in this digital era. The teachers should consider the availability and affordability of the facility that all of the students have to prepare for online learning. 2. For School, the school which is SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi is expected to provide infrastructure and equipment for the students to enhance their study during online learning. 3. For Future Researchers, in doing the similar study, the future researchers are suggested to use other instruments or analysis technique such as doing observation, interviewing students to know their perception, using qualitative analysis or mix method to obtain the different result of the study.